Robert O. Paxton
Robert O. Paxton is professor of history emeritus at Columbia University. A specialist in the history of western Europe in the era of the two world wars, he has written extensively on France under Nazi occupation, including VICHY FRANCE: OLD GUARD AND NEW ORDER (Columbia University Press, 2001) and VICHY FRANCE AND THE JEWS (Stanford University Press, 1995). His most recent work is THE ANATOMY OF FASCISM (Alfred Knopf, 2004).
Julie Hessler
Julie Hessler is Associate Professor of History at University of Oregon. She is the author of A SOCIAL HISTORY OF SOVIET TRADE (Princeton University Press, 2004) as well as a number of articles on Soviet social, economic, and cultural history. Her current research focuses on Soviet cultural relations with the Third World from the late 1950s through the 1980s. Professor Hessler’s teaching areas include Soviet history, twentieth-century Eastern Europe, postwar Europe, and historical methods, as well as broader European surveys.
