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Calculus: Early Transcendentals, 8th Edition

James Stewart

  • Copyright 2016
  • {{checkPublicationMessage('Published', '2015-02-04T00:00:00+0000')}}
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Calculus: Early Transcendentals 8th Edition by James Stewart
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Overview

James Stewart's CALCULUS: EARLY TRANSCENDENTALS texts are widely renowned for their mathematical precision and accuracy, clarity of exposition, and outstanding examples and problem sets. Millions of students worldwide have explored calculus through Stewart's trademark style, while instructors have turned to his approach time and time again. In the Eighth Edition of CALCULUS: EARLY TRANSCENDENTALS, Stewart continues to set the standard for the course while adding carefully revised content. The patient explanations, superb exercises, focus on problem solving, and carefully graded problem sets that have made Stewart's texts best-sellers continue to provide a strong foundation for the Eighth Edition. From the most unprepared student to the most mathematically gifted, Stewart's writing and presentation serve to enhance understanding and build confidence.

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Meet the Authors

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James Stewart

The late James Stewart received his M.S. from Stanford University and his Ph.D. from the University of Toronto. He conducted research at the University of London and was influenced by the famous mathematician, George Polya, at Stanford University. Dr. Stewart most recently served as a professor of mathematics at McMaster University and the University of Toronto. His research focused on harmonic analysis. Dr. Stewart authored the best-selling calculus textbook series, including CALCULUS, CALCULUS: EARLY TRANSCENDENTALS and CALCULUS: CONCEPTS AND CONTEXTS, as well as a series of successful precalculus texts and college algebra and trigonometry texts.

What's New

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  • The data in examples and exercises have been updated. New examples have been added (see Examples 6.1.5, 11.2.5, and 14.3.3, for instance), and the solutions to many of the existing examples have been enhanced.
  • Several new applications-based problems have been added to help students strengthen their understanding of concepts and make the leap towards discovering the impact of Calculus in its various applications.
  • Three new projects have been added: the project, Controlling Red Blood Cell Loss During Surgery describes the ANH procedure, in which blood is extracted from the patient before an operation and is replaced by saline solution. This dilutes the patient's blood so that fewer red blood cells are lost during bleeding and the extracted blood is returned to the patient after surgery. The project, Planes and Birds: Minimizing Energy asks how birds can minimize power and energy by flapping their wings versus gliding. In the project, The Speedo LZR Racer Suit, it is explained that this suit reduces drag in the water and, as a result, many swimming records were broken. Students are asked why a small decrease in drag can have a big effect on performance.
  • Chapter 15 (Multiple Integrals) has been streamlined by combining the first two sections so that iterated integrals are treated earlier.
  • More than 20% of the exercises in each chapter are new. Here are some Author favorites: 2.7.61, 2.8.36-38, 3.1.79-80, 3.11.54, 4.1.69, 4.3.34, 4.3.66, 4.4.80, 4.7.39, 4.7.67, 5.1.19-20, 5.1.67-68, 5.4.70, 6.1.51, 7.4.67, 8.1.39, 12.5.81, 12.6.29-30, 14.6.65-66.

Features

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  • Four carefully-crafted diagnostic tests in algebra, analytic geometry, functions, and trigonometry appear at the beginning of the text. These provide students with a convenient way to test their preexisting knowledge and brush up on skill techniques they need to successfully begin the course. Answers are included, and students who need to improve will be referred to points in the text or on the book's website where they can seek help.
  • Stewart's writing style speaks clearly and directly to students, guiding them through key ideas, theorems, and problem-solving steps, and encouraging them to think as they read and learn calculus.
  • Every concept is supported by thoughtfully worked examples—many with step-by-step explanations—and carefully chosen exercises. The quality of this pedagogical system is what sets Stewart's texts above others.
  • Examples are not only models for problem solving or a means of demonstrating techniques; they also encourage students to develop an analytic view of the subject. To provide further insight into mathematical concepts, many of these detailed examples display solutions that are presented graphically, analytically, and/or numerically. Margin notes expand on and clarify the steps of the solution.
  • The text's clean, user-friendly design provides a clear presentation of calculus. The art program, with its functional and consistent use of color, helps students identify and review mathematical concepts more easily.
  • The topic of Differential Equations is unified by the theme of modeling. Qualitative, numerical, and analytic approaches are given equal consideration.
  • Stewart draws on physics, engineering, chemistry, biology, medicine, and social science to motivate students and demonstrate the power of calculus as a problem-solving tool in a wide variety of fields.
  • Stewart's presentation repeatedly provides answers to the question, "When will I use this?" You'll find many examples of how calculus is used as a problem-solving tool in fields such as physics, engineering, chemistry, biology, medicine, and the social sciences.
  • Stewart's text offers an extensive collection of more than 8,000 quality exercises. Each exercise set is carefully graded, progressing from skill-development problems to more challenging problems involving applications and proofs. The wide variety of types of exercises includes many technology-oriented, thought-provoking, real, and engaging problems.
  • Conceptual exercises encourage the development of communication skills by explicitly requesting descriptions, conjectures, and explanations. These exercises stimulate critical thinking and reinforce the concepts of calculus.
  • A wealth of engaging projects reinforce concepts. "Writing Projects" ask students to compare present-day methods with those of the founders of calculus. "Discovery Projects" anticipate results to be discussed later. "Applied Projects" feature content that engages student interest and demonstrates the real-world use of mathematics. "Laboratory Projects" anticipate results to be discussed later or encourage discovery through pattern recognition.
  • Comprehensive review sections follow each chapter and further support conceptual understanding. A "Concept Check" and "True/False Quiz" allow students to prepare for upcoming tests through ideas and skill-building.
  • "Strategies" sections (based on George Polya's problem-solving methodology) help students select what techniques they'll need to solve problems in situations where the choice is not obvious, and help them develop true problem-solving skills and intuition.
  • Historical and biographical margin notes enliven the course and show students that mathematics was developed to help explain and represent natural phenomena.
  • More challenging exercises called "Problems Plus" follow the end-of-chapter exercises. These sections reinforce concepts by requiring students to apply techniques from more than one chapter of the text, and by patiently showing them how to approach a challenging problem.

Table of Contents

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Preface.
To the Student.
Diagnostic Tests.
A Preview of Calculus.
1. FUNCTIONS AND MODELS.
Four Ways to Represent a Function. Mathematical Models: A Catalog of Essential Functions. New Functions from Old Functions. Exponential Functions. Inverse Functions and Logarithms. Review. Principles of Problem Solving.
2. LIMITS AND DERIVATIVES.
The Tangent and Velocity Problems.The Limit of a Function.Calculating Limits Using the Limit Laws. The Precise Definition of a Limit. Continuity. Limits at Infinity; Horizontal Asymptotes. Derivatives and Rates of Change. Writing Project: Early Methods for Finding Tangents.The Derivative as a Function. Review. Problems Plus.
3. DIFFERENTIATION RULES.
Derivatives of Polynomials and Exponential Functions. Applied Project: Building a Better Roller Coaster. The Product and Quotient Rules. Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions. The Chain Rule. Applied Project: Where Should a Pilot Start Descent? Implicit Differentiation. Laboratory Project: Families of Implicit Curves. Derivatives of Logarithmic Functions. Rates of Change in the Natural and Social Sciences. Exponential Growth and Decay. Applied Project: Controlling Red Blood Cell Loss During Surgery. Related Rates. Linear Approximations and Differentials. Laboratory Project: Taylor Polynomials. Hyperbolic Functions. Review. Problems Plus.
4. APPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENTIATION.
Maximum and Minimum Values. Applied Project: The Calculus of Rainbows. The Mean Value Theorem. How Derivatives Affect the Shape of a Graph. Indeterminate Forms and l'Hospital's Rule. Writing Project: The Origins of l'Hospital's Rule. Summary of Curve Sketching. Graphing with Calculus and Calculators. Optimization Problems. Applied Project: The Shape of a Can. Applied Project: Planes and Birds: Minimizing Energy. Newton's Method. Antiderivatives. Review. Problems Plus.
5. INTEGRALS.
Areas and Distances. The Definite Integral. Discovery Project: Area Functions. The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. Indefinite Integrals and the Net Change Theorem. Writing Project: Newton, Leibniz, and the Invention of Calculus. The Substitution Rule. Review. Problems Plus.
6. APPLICATIONS OF INTEGRATION.
Areas Between Curves. Applied Project: The Gini Index. Volume. Volumes by Cylindrical Shells. Work. Average Value of a Function. Applied Project: Calculus and Baseball. Applied Project: Where to Sit at the Movies. Review. Problems Plus.
7. TECHNIQUES OF INTEGRATION.
Integration by Parts. Trigonometric Integrals. Trigonometric Substitution. Integration of Rational Functions by Partial Fractions. Strategy for Integration. Integration Using Tables and Computer Algebra Systems. Discovery Project: Patterns in Integrals. Approximate Integration. Improper Integrals. Review. Problems Plus.
8. FURTHER APPLICATIONS OF INTEGRATION.
Arc Length. Discovery Project: Arc Length Contest. Area of a Surface of Revolution. Discovery Project: Rotating on a Slant. Applications to Physics and Engineering. Discovery Project: Complementary Coffee Cups. Applications to Economics and Biology. Probability. Review. Problems Plus.
9. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS.
Modeling with Differential Equations. Direction Fields and Euler's Method. Separable Equations. Applied Project: How Fast Does a Tank Drain? Applied Project: Which is Faster, Going Up or Coming Down? Models for Population Growth. Linear Equations. Predator-Prey Systems. Review. Problems Plus.
10. PARAMETRIC EQUATIONS AND POLAR COORDINATES.
Curves Defined by Parametric Equations. Laboratory Project: Families of Hypocycloids. Calculus with Parametric Curves. Laboratory Project: Bézier Curves. Polar Coordinates. Laboratory Project: Families of Polar Curves. Areas and Lengths in Polar Coordinates. Conic Sections. Conic Sections in Polar Coordinates. Review. Problems Plus.
11. INFINITE SEQUENCES AND SERIES.
Sequences. Laboratory Project: Logistic Sequences. Series. The Integral Test and Estimates of Sums. The Comparison Tests. Alternating Series. Absolute Convergence and the Ratio and Root Tests. Strategy for Testing Series. Power Series. Representations of Functions as Power Series. Taylor and Maclaurin Series. Laboratory Project: An Elusive Limit. Writing Project: How Newton Discovered the Binomial Series. Applications of Taylor Polynomials. Applied Project: Radiation from the Stars. Review. Problems Plus.
12. VECTORS AND THE GEOMETRY OF SPACE.
Three-Dimensional Coordinate Systems. Vectors. The Dot Product. The Cross Product. Discovery Project: The Geometry of a Tetrahedron. Equations of Lines and Planes. Cylinders and Quadric Surfaces. Review. Problems Plus.
13. VECTOR FUNCTIONS.
Vector Functions and Space Curves. Derivatives and Integrals of Vector Functions. Arc Length and Curvature. Motion in Space: Velocity and Acceleration. Applied Project: Kepler's Laws. Review. Problems Plus.
14. PARTIAL DERIVATIVES.
Functions of Several Variables. Limits and Continuity. Partial Derivatives. Tangent Planes and Linear Approximation. Applied Project: The Speedo LZR Race Suit. The Chain Rule. Directional Derivatives and the Gradient Vector. Maximum and Minimum Values. Applied Project: Designing a Dumpster. Discovery Project: Quadratic Approximations and Critical Points. Lagrange Multipliers. Applied Project: Rocket Science. Applied Project: Hydro-Turbine Optimization. Review. Problems Plus.
15. MULTIPLE INTEGRALS.
Double Integrals over Rectangles. Double Integrals over General Regions. Double Integrals in Polar Coordinates. Applications of Double Integrals. Surface Area. Triple Integrals. Discovery Project: Volumes of Hyperspheres. Triple Integrals in Cylindrical Coordinates. Discovery Project: The Intersection of Three Cylinders. Triple Integrals in Spherical Coordinates. Applied Project: Roller Derby. Change of Variables in Multiple Integrals. Review. Problems Plus.
16. VECTOR CALCULUS.
Vector Fields. Line Integrals. The Fundamental Theorem for Line Integrals. Green's Theorem. Curl and Divergence. Parametric Surfaces and Their Areas. Surface Integrals. Stokes' Theorem. Writing Project: Three Men and Two Theorems. The Divergence Theorem. Summary. Review. Problems Plus.
17. SECOND-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS.
Second-Order Linear Equations. Nonhomogeneous Linear Equations. Applications of Second-Order Differential Equations. Series Solutions. Review. Problems Plus.
APPENDIXES.
A Numbers, Inequalities, and Absolute Values. B Coordinate Geometry and Lines. C Graphs of Second-Degree Equations. D Trigonometry. E Sigma Notation. F Proofs of Theorems. G The Logarithm Defined as an Integral. H Complex Numbers. I Answers to Odd-Numbered Exercises.
INDEX.

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WebAssign for Calculus: Early Transcendentals is a flexible and fully customizable online instructional solution that puts powerful tools in the hands of instructors, enabling you to deploy assignments, instantly assess individual student and class performance and help your students master the course concepts. Enrich the teaching and learning experience with the superior content within the powerful digital platform of WebAssign. Tailor your course with a wide range of assignment settings, the ability to add your own questions and content, analytics at the individual and course level and student/teacher communication tools.